Which of the following is an external cause of over-arousal?

• A. Injuries
• B. Crowd noise
• C. Fatigue
• D. Anxiety

Answer: (B)

External factors that raise arousal come from outside the performer, in the surrounding environment. Crowd noise is a classic example because it comes from spectators and the atmosphere of the event, increasing arousal by heightening stimulation, alertness, and pressure. This can push arousal levels beyond what's optimal for controlled, precise performance.

In contrast, injuries originate inside the body as a physical issue, fatigue comes from internal energy depletion, and anxiety is a mental state created within the performer. These are internal factors, not external stimuli. So crowd noise is the external cause of over-arousal.